Incorrect, Sujan. Your post contains profoundly unwise and meretricious statements; it is mathematical relativism masquerading as common sense, despite being nothing of the sort. Yes, the subjective aspect can certainly override the objective when it comes to perceptions of beauty, and frequently does – but that is a different topic, related (amongst other things) to socio-cultural and psychological aspects if the human condition, and it absolutely does not mean that a purely aesthetically objective aspect of beauty does not exist in spite of this fact. Furthermore, the application of the ‘single mathematical formula’ you mention is not the crude, reductionist approach you seem to think it is. The manifestations of this seemingly simple formula are in fact immensely complex in practice when applied to a living, moving, three dimensional human being and the countless proportional relationships that exist within each and every body and face. If a purely objective analysis of aesthetics – one which discounts the impact of any external subjective factors to meet the conditions of a ‘fair test’ – is something that you do not consider to be of any interest or use, then perhaps you are on the wrong website!

That viewpoint isn’t supported by the evidence. Yes, there are certainly variations in beauty, and variations in different cultures and ethnicities. If you analyze the averages of human facial features though, you’ll find that they’re all based on the same golden ratio-based proportions, and this applies to any culture, ethnicity or era. This is what makes us look human, and the more a face deviates from these averages the more it will be perceived as being unattractive or disfigured. I cover this with examples on pages 166-179 of my book, “The Golden Ratio – The Divine Beauty of Mathematics” at https://bit.ly/goldenratiobook.

That is a valid observation. I often use the visibility of the ears on both sides of the face, looking for photos where the size of both ears is the same. This was the best photo I could find, but her face does have a slight turn the left side of the photo. Symmetry though, isn’t the key point of the analysis. It’s mostly about the golden ratio proportions and fit to the proportions of the beauty mask.

That could very well be the case. In the photo, her ears are not quite exactly equal in size, so that is likely the result of a slight turning of the head. Even so, the left side looks just slightly fuller. As you can see, it’s very difficult to find a perfect photo to use for facial analysis, but critical for its accuracy. See more on this in my article at http://www.goldennumber.net/facial-beauty-golden-ratio-photo-analysis/.